Abstract
The paper discusses the process of technology transfer form the governmental laboratories to the private sector in the U.S.. This has been accelerated by the end of the cold war and the need to promote the international competitiveness of the U.S. industry. Our study was focussed on two process of the transfer, spin-off businesses and Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs), a new format of government-to-private technology transfer established by the federal government. Spin-off is a traditional form of technology transfer from the government to the private sector. We made detailed research of historical development, relationship with the original institutions, and supporting environment of several spin-off businesses. A survey was also made on a number of examples of the utilization of the CRADA system.
