"Star scientists" refers to a select group of scientists who have made outstanding research achievements. These scientists publish more papers, gather more citations, and are more active in establishing startups compared to regular researchers. In the U.S. biotechnology sector, there is a "virtuous cycle of science and business" established where both research performance and corporate performance improve when companies engage with star scientists. This study constructed a large dataset and analyzed the current state of Japan's star scientists. There are 196 star scientists in Japan, and 19 of them (9.69% of the total) are involved in startups. Furthermore, startups involving star scientists have shown positive impacts on indicators such as M&A, IPO, and VC funding. Star scientists collaborating with companies produce more highly cited papers after their involvement, indicating an improvement in research performance. These findings suggest that a "virtuous cycle of science and business" is currently occurring in Japan.

This article explores the Scottish success in secondary usage of medical records for research after overcoming the difficulties which were parallel to the Japanese counterparts The difficulties derived from the legal condition that protect personal information; researchers could receive only the certified anonymous processing medical information, which sometime hinders researchers conducting a project that needs further information than fully anonymized This invites another challenge to earn relevant experience of linking medical information with the data from other fields In Scotland, in contrast, Five Safes Model and Trusted Research Environment have developed whereby promoting research that uses linkage data between medical and other fields of information These two systems have met the public interest and trust as well as the legal requirement to protect personal information, i.e., GDPR. Their system hence can be useful when considering measures to promote the use of medical information in Japan.

In Japan, large-scale disasters such as the Nankai Trough Earthquake and a Tokyo metropolitan earthquake are anticipated. While universities, research institutes, and private companies have advanced disaster prevention and mitigation research, the practical application of science and technology in disaster-affected areas remains limited. Efforts to promote science and technology utilization are progressing domestically and internationally, yet a gap persists between science and technological advancements and on-the-ground realities. Achieving Safety and Security society requires understanding how science and technology address societal challenges. This study explores key factors influencing science and technology utilization in disaster response through the proposed method with past recipients of the "Safety and Security Best Practice Award" and municipalities affected by the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake. The findings provide insights into current challenges and future prospects for integrating science and technology in disaster-stricken areas.

The growth of university-based deep-tech startups critically depends on the active involvement of researchers with outstanding research achievements that form the core of the business. This study analyzes the relationship between researchers' background information (such as academic publications and research funding) and the fundraising amounts of university spin-offs using data from Japan's "University Venture Database" managed by the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry. By employing machine learning techniques, the study aimed to develop a model that evaluates the characteristics of researchers contributing to the growth of these startups. By analyzing the model, it was confirmed that researchers who have achieved certain thresholds in paper evaluations or research funding contribute to the growth of university-originated startups.

The establishment of research and development (R&D) centers is being implemented by many companies as a strategic action aimed at fostering innovation. In this study, we quantitatively examined the impact of establishing a new R&D center at a new location on the innovation activities of researchers, focusing on Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. (now FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corporation). As a result, researchers who relocated to the newly established R&D center experienced enhanced collaboration with researchers both within and outside the center, leading to increased diversity in the technological areas of filed patents. Additionally, it was found that the relocated researchers had an increase in the number of filed patents and the number of citations. Furthermore, mediation analysis results indicated that the increase in collaboration and diversity in technological areas ultimately contributed to the observed increases in the number of filed patents and citations.

Objective: This study aggregates and organizes insights on redundancy to reduce uncertainty in natural science projects within the Healthcare Innovation Ecosystem and identifies areas for future research. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the academic literature databases Web of Science, CiNii, and J-STAGE, targeting articles from the period 2000 to 2023. Results: The search identified 645 articles, and after screening, 10 articles were selected. Ultimately, five articles from 2014 to 2022 were included. Conclusion: Redundancy through interactions among multiple actors within the ecosystem was identified, showing both positive and negative effects on reducing uncertainty. Methods for quantitatively measuring redundancy were also presented. Mutual redundancy based on the Triple Helix theory was shown to reduce uncertainty. Additionally, an approach focusing on Social Network Analysis, considering informal "weak ties" among actors, was suggested to be effective for analyzing relationships within the ecosystem. Further research is needed.