Abstract
An artificial system is not necessarily controllable; it may grow into a natural system that develops according to its own laws. A good example is the market economy. The lesson of the collapse of the planned economy is that an artificial system develops fully only when dealt with as a natural system. Science and technology seen at the national level also constitute a natural system that evolves together with the society, economy and defense. Science and technology in this sense requires two targets for the national policy to pursue: first, inducing desirable evolution of the natural system by coordination of different policies covering scientific/technological, economic, social, safety, and other issues to provide favorable circumstances; second, supporting the handicapped part produced by the evolution, which is left out of the circulation of the resources, for equality and justice in social development. Outgrowing planned science and technology is one of leading ideas for the national policy on science and technology.
