CPS: its Vision and Technologies

Abstract

Cyber-physical Systems (CPS), appeared early in the 21^st century, introduced new views to information and communication technologies (ICT) for constructing software-rich social infrastructure. After a DARPA-funded SEC research program, which focused on developing an information technology for dynamical systems, NSF's CPS aimed to establish a new fundamental view, in which closed loops govern systems of strongly coupled components. The CPS research program enumerated three major technical challenges, co-existence of continuous and discrete signals, extracting valuable information from large datasets with uncertainty, and connectivity-based computing infrastructure. Furthermore, invisible closed loops leading to tightly coupled components are to be eliminated so that serious failures are avoided. CPS will be an enabler for IoT-based business eco-systems and super-smart societies.