女性労働と児童保護の視点からみる1944年保護者不在家庭児童調査の成立過程

抄録

  This study examines the establishment of the National Survey of After School Care-Requiring Child conducted by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1944, which focused on the perspectives of women’s labour and child protection.

  Although studies have revealed that social work to support children after school began to be implemented in various regions around 1943, the circumstances of this process remain unclear. Therefore, the government’s objectives for after school care-requiring child in the contexts of women’s labour and child protection during this period are clarified in this study.

  The National Survey of After School Care-Requiring Child (1944) was conducted in response to the results of the National Survey of Reform-Requiring Elementary School Child by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 1942. This was made clear by Mori Kenzo, who was involved in these surveys and focused on the issue of after school care for elementary school children from the perspectives of women’s labour and child protection.

  One might conclude that the National Survey of After School Care-Requiring Child (1944) was the first to be conducted by the government as a foundation for social work to support children after school from all families, not only poor families, whose parents were absent from home due to work mobilization, based on the view that children are human resources.