2021 年 56 巻 2 号 p. 165-184
【Objective】 Transplantation is one the most successful areas of modern medicine. It is a life-saving medical modality and a symbol of human solidarity made possible by the generous act of organ donors and their families. The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive and updated global picture of the current practice.
【Data Sources and Data Extraction】 Cross-sectional data were obtained and extracted from academic, government, and international organization sources including Global Observatory on Donation and Transplantation, a World Health Organization collaboration (GODT/WHO), and literature review by MEDLINE/PubMed and Japan Medical Abstracts Society Web query.
【Study Selection】 Observational, Cross-sectional study.
【Results】 GODT/WHO reported 153,863 solid organ transplants and 40,608 deceased donors from 82 member states, which covered 74.3% of the global population for 2019. While western countries continue to lead with prominent scientific activity and ethical leadership, other regions and countries have emerged with significant progress. Geographical disparities in access, however, persist. Living donor transplantation continues to play an important role in many regions. Novel practice such as vascularized composite allograft transplantation, and transplantation of extremities, face, and uterus have emerged with successful outcomes. Implementation of effective allocation of resources including training and establishment of professional donor-procurement networks has been stressed.
【Conclusion】 Worldwide diffusion of transplant medicine continues. In the era of accelerating globalization and rapid technology transfer, continuing application of international ethical principles expressed in the Declaration of Istanbul is ever more important.
