日本におけるオウム病
原発性異型肺炎、 急性気管支炎の赤血球凝集阻止反応による分析
1960 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 69-77
詳細
1960 年 10 巻 2 号 p. 69-77
The recent discovery of psittacosis in avian species and human beings in this country emphasized the disirability of a more extensive survey of this disease. In diagnosis of the disease the complement fixation test has been extensively used. The hemagglutination inhibition test of psittacosis developed by Hilleman et al. is also available for this purpose, although it is not extensively utilized at the present. For 2 years and 3 months from October, 1956 to December, 1958, 125 cases of primary atypical pneumonia, 78 cases of acute bronchitis, 3 cases of middle lobe syndrome and 137 cases of other miscellaneous diseases were tested by the hemagglutination inhibition test.
1. Titers of 1:20 or higher were found in 23.4 and 21.7 per cent of patients with primary atypical pneumonia and with acute bronchitis, respectively, while the incidence in the control group of patients was only 6.7 per cent. This finding suggests that in the groups of patients with those respiratory diseases psittacosis patients were present. No significant trend in the antibody distribution by age was demonstrated in any of the groups of patients. No change in incidence of antibodies according to weeks after onset of disease was observed.
2. No difference in incidence of antibodies was found between male and female.
3. In the group of patients with miscellaneous diseases other than acute respiratory infections the antibody titer was generally low. None of the patients showed titers of 1:80 or higher. In the groups of patients with primary atypical pneumonia and acute bronchitis patients with high titers were frequently found. This also suggests that there are psittacosis patients in those groups.
4. Patients with four-fold increase or decrease in titer or unusually high titers (1:80 or higher) were found in 13.6 (17 cases) and 6.6 (5 cases) per cent in the groups of patients with primary atypical pneumonia and acute bronchitis, respectively. Those patients showed the same clinical symptoms as described for psittacosis. Of 3 cases with middle lobe syndrome 2 were serologically diagnosed to have recent infection with psittacosis virus. The syndrome of those cases was probably caused by psittacosis infection. The appearance and persistence of the antibody in those serologically diagnosed cases were analized.
5. Parakeets, pigeons, bengalees, Java Sparrows and canaries were suggested to be of primary importance as the source of psittacosis infection by statistical analysis of the correlation between the presence of the antibody in the patient and pet birds in his household. A similar analysis concerning domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats and cats revealed no correlation between the antibody of the patient and the domestic animals in the household.
