Abstract
Significant air temperature rising in urban areas is well recognized as so-called Heat Island phenomenon in a global scale. It is qualitatively grasped that an increase of anthropologic heat and an alternation of land usage are regarded as its main reasons. To analyze quantitatively on factors of the significant air temperature rising, a predicting methodology combined with simultaneous solutions for Architecture-Urban-Soil system was proposed. In the presented procedure authors proposed, a simplified numerical calculation method for evaporation rate from soil was considered with building air conditioning load calculations and a 1-dimensional heat balance model for an urban atmosphere. First of all, using realistic input data assumed a typical urban area, which is Tokyo, during summer season, a fundamental solution was obtained and an effectiveness of the proposed method was confirmed. As the next stage of this study, in order to analyze factors of the significant air temperature rising, a series of numerical experiments were performed based on the Architecture-Urban-Soil simultaneous simulation model proposed in the former report. By a preliminary experiment based on so-called a variation study method, 6 primary factors were picked up. They have significant effects on the urban temperature and the thermal comfort in an urban-human space respectively. For a main numerical experiment the design of an experiment theory based on the orthogonal array was adopted to obtain quantitative and statistically significant results. Results indicate that the factors regarding the energy consumption density in an urban area and the mechanical performance of air conditioning system influence significantly on the air temperature rising in an urban area. In addition, MRT and SET* in a street canyon are affected by the earth's surface condition.
