家畜アルボウイルスの流行動態

抄録

Patterns of the prevalence of important veterinary arthropod-borne (arbo-) viruses, such as Akabane, Aino, Chuzan, Ibaraki and bovine ephemeral fever viruses, in Japan have been changed recently by probable global warming. Although the number of the clinical cases caused by these viruses has been reduced in the south-western region of Japan, not only by promotion of the vaccines, but also by more frequent prevalence of the viruses, the epidemic areas tend to expand to whole country beyond the northern limit. Frequent prevalence of arboviruses after 1995 has led to the emergence of antigenic and/or pathogenic variants by genetic mutations such as reassortment among field isolates. Furthermore, Peaton, Sathuperi and Shamonda viruses were newly detected one after another. These rare arboviruses were initially isolated from cattle, Culicoides biting midges and/or mosquitoes from 1957 to 1976 in India, Nigeria and Australia. Fortunately, large-scale outbreaks of the disease associated with these novel viruses have not been observed yet in Japan.