Abstract
Focusing the relationship that decreasing in foraging efficiency and safety of surrounding environments should reduce the foraging behaviors by individual animals, I tested the possibility that controlling the foraging efficiency of the residuals in a field and pruning in agricultural windbreaks might contribute to control the utilization of the environments at the field of maize for the livestock diets. Passer montanus, Corvus macrorhynchos, Corvus corone, Streptopelia orientalis, which enter a feeding tank, and Carduelis sinica, which eat crops frequently immigrated to the field. Giving up time (GUT) was significantly longer in the high quality feeding plot than in the low quality plot. GUT for small bird species but not the larger birds might decrease in plot B than in plot A. This may be dew to that pruning influence warning behavior, one of anti-predatory behaviors, and this impacted small birds than the larger birds. GUT for four days and eight days after the experimentally setting for feeding condition tended to be short when the birds had experienced low quality feeding treatment than when they had experienced high quality one. These results suggest that representing the low quality feeding condition at peripheral areas of a field and pruning in the neighboring windbreaks can reduce foraging behaviors of bird species in a field.
