表面活性剤水溶液の泡により空気中に浮遊する煙霧質を捕集する研究

抄録

Removal of aerosol in the air are difficult and effective methods are not yet found except the one with the cottrell. Whereupon we have been investigating another method with the froth-tower of surface active agents (surfactants).
The experimental apparatus is shown in Fig. 1; the air passed respectively through NH₄OH aq. and HCl aq. was combined into NH₄Cl-aerosol, which then was sent to the collection tower.
The bottom of the tower was filled with the surfactant solution which, by means of NH₄Cl-aerosol and air through the distributor as shown in Fig. 2 were bubbled. The froths containing aerosol and air thus formed were blown up closed packing in the tower which caused the aerosol particles to collide and be captured on the inner surface of froths.
After leaving the collection tower, the froths underwent defoamation on the surface of the antifoaming agent, iso-amyl alcohol, and the surfactant solution was separated from the air and returned to the bottom of the receiver so as to be used again.
The concentration of aerosol (relative) was measured with the photometer shown in Fig. 3 and 4. The size of the collection tower, the concentration of the surfactant solution, etc. are given in Table 1 and 2.
The experimental results obtained were:-
1) By this method the aerosol, such as NH₄Cl, fuming sulphuric acid, smoke of cigarette etc. were easily removed.
2) The collection efficiency, (c0-c/c0)·100 were influenced by the conc. of aerosol, dia. of froths, and the kinds and conc. of surfactants. as well as by the number of times they were used.
When such factors were fixed the collection efficiencies were proportional to the contact time. The results are shown in Fig. 5, 6, 7, and 8.
3) The equations for collection rate were obtained from the analysis of the experimental results and shown in Fig. 10 and 11. The values on n and ka' are given in Table 5, and ka' is proportional to the specific surfce area of a froth.
4) Since n is nearly equal to 1, the equation for collection rate may be assumed to be a pseudo 1st-order equation and so ka will be conveniently calculated from the curve of shown in Fig. 12.