都市化と中等教育機関の設置

—大正－昭和初期における神戸－尼崎間文教地区の成立—

抄録

This study examines the influence that the location of a secondary educational institution gives a community by examining and comparing the formation process of school zones in Kobe and Amagasaki cities in the early days of the Taisho and Showa eras.

First, from the Taisho period, these secondary educational institutions spread and formed into a plural school zone. This depended on the development of a nearby railroad and a change in the price of land. The school zone consisted of public schools and various private schools.

Second, differences in the course of fund collections caused by differences in the establishment of these schools caused the appearance of a variety of private schools. The difference of each private school then led to differences in the school zones. At each private school, expenses and financing were considerably different.

In these contexts, the inhabitants of the areas of these schools aimed to have their children enter schools in higher grades in consideration of the results of the earlier achievement of children and the amount of expenses. The number of children entering schools in the higher grades of secondary educational institutions increased. As a result. the location of secondary educational institutions and their establishment took place reflecting certain common ideas of the local inhabitants. It became a common idea for local inhabitants to bear educational expenses as part of the family budget and for children to enter secondary educational institutions.