We report a case of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia that developed in an 81-year-old man with recurrent non-small cell lung cancer who was under treatment with gefitinib. He was admitted to our hospital with high-grade fever and diarrhea. Laboratory tests showed evidence of moderate inflammation and elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase. He was diagnosed as having acute cholangitis and initiated on treatment with SBT/CPZ. Blood culture on admission showed growth of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae. The patient recovered with adequate antibiotic therapy, including AZM, to which the V. cholerae strain was found to be sensitive. Few cases of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae bacteremia have been reported in Japan. In addition to immunocompromised patients with liver cirrhosis or hematological malignancies, patients with solid tumors, such as lung cancer, may also develop V. cholerae bacteremia.
