抄録
This study examines Marcel Mauss's concept of “solidarity” in order to understand his normative claim for society. In his socialist essays on mutual aid associations and cooperatives, “solidarity” is described as a situation where workers' interests are respected more than those of employers, and workers have the right to manage their associations and receive help when living in poverty. In Mauss's The Gift, “solidarity” is described as a situation where individuals' pursuit of their self-interests does not cause a massacre, and people give and return things to each other without being “sacrificed” by the mental hierarchy involved in the act of giving. In addition, Mauss claimed that in order for a mental hierarchy not to be too excessive, people should not be too generous. It should be noted that when arguing for “solidarity,” Mauss always tried to strike a balance between individuals' self-interests and the larger interests of society.
