Toxicity of insecticides to pea blue, Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus), on peas

Abstract

I tested the toxicity of insecticides against the adults, eggs, and hatchlings of pea blue, Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus), on the peas of summer seeding cultures. I examined the insecticides’ effects in preventing the first instar larvae from eating into the pea pods. Seven insecticides showed high effectiveness against the adults. In particular, pyrethroids (etofenprox, permethrin, tau-fluvalinate, and tralomethrin) showed rapid effects. The spraying of any of these insecticides on a wide area might prevent the laying of eggs. Additionally, 10 insecticides showed high effectiveness against the eggs and hatching larvae. The insecticides that showed the ovicidal effect included emamectin, spinosad, etofenprox, and acetamiprid, which are also effective against hatching larvae. The spraying of any of these insecticides flower buds might have a stable controlling effect. Ten insecticides were shown to be effective in preventing the first instar larvae from eating into snow pea pods. Cartap, malathion, etofenprox, permethrin and tau-fluvalinate showed no feeding traces on the pea pod surfaces. This finding suggests that it would be most practical to use these insecticides when the snow peas bear pea pods.