Abstract
Mammalian liver peroxisomes contain only one kind of aminotransferase, alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase 1. One of the function of alanine : glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 is detoxication of glyoxylate in human. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a deficiency of the liver specific peroxisomal alanine : glyoxylate aminotransferase 1. Subcellular distribution, substrate specificity, response to hormone and amino acid sequence of hepatic alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 and organ distribution of the enzyme changed during rapid molecular evolution in mammals. Birds are classified into two groups on the basis of intraperoxisomal forms of liver alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase. In the peroxisomes, alanine: glyoxylate aminotransferase was present as the holo form in guoup 1 (pigeon, sparrow, Java sparrow, Australian budgerigar, canary, goose, and duck) and as the apo form in group 2 (white leghorn, bantam, pheasant and Japanese mannikin). Physical, enzymatic and immunological properties of apo- and holo-enzymes from different birds are described.
