銀杏の殻の構造・組織とその力学的評価

抄録

This paper focuses on the dynamical merits and demerits of organism structure and selects ginkgo nut shell as an example to analyze. Based upon the microscopic observation and mechanical experiments on the structure, material composition and mechanical evaluation of a ginkgo nut shell, the concerned conclusions are drawn up. First, by analyzing the chemical composition of the ginkgo nut shell, the rate of lignin goes from 20 percent to 35 percent higher than any other kinds of wood. while the rate of cellulose goes a little bit lower. Based upon it, each part of the ginkgo nut shell is observed by SEM and CCD camera, and it is confirmed that cellulose exists in the way of piled up layers between which lignin distributes. The lignin connects cellulose to be an oval shell, similar to FRP structure. Next we have noticed the Flange speciality of connective formation and the tiny crack of its upper part. By observing the experiments of the inside and outside pressure damage and its germination experiment, it is confirmed that the crack and flange structure are the crucial demerit structure of the ginkgo nut shell's break when the seed germinates, which reveals that the organism has its own merit and demerit structure corresponding to its function. Its harmony and practicality provide new foundation and hint in the new structural design of recycle type.