In this paper, we discuss the recursive optimal design approach: an application of self-similarity to optimal structural design. The approach is formulated in a recursive manner based on a resourcebased optimization concept. An actually self-similar topology of the initial truss structure is introduced in order to realize a completely self-similar optimization process. Computational cost and suitability to parallel processing of the recursive optimal design approach are discussed from the view-point of self-similarity. Minimum-weight design of two-dimensional truss structure is conducted; the availability of the actually self-similar topology of the truss to the recursive optimization process is also discussed.