The flow instability of a jet diffusion flame was investigated based on a linearized stability theory. The equation of disturbance was solved numerically for a two-dimensional parallel flow with density variation. Results show that the existence of a hot layer at the jet boundary makes the flow more stable, increasing the critical wave number and critical Reynolds number at which turbulence neither grows nor declines. The increase of the critical wave number is due mainly to the interaction between the flow and density gradient, and the local change of the viscous dissipation increases the critical Reynolds number, thereby leading to a wider stability limit.