国際政治における「東」と「西」-思想史的背景と問題点-

現代国際政治の基本問題

抄録

The concept “East and West, ” as a phrase used in modern international politics, is none other than one indicating both blocs of socialism and capitalism and the ideology which unifies each bloc. These two categories have been abstracted from the circumstances in international politics since World War II. However, the rapid changes in international relations (the changing structurs of the cold war) in the last few years mean that the concept of international politics cannot always be understood only through a bipolar concept of West and East. For instance, within one bloc there has been a question of polarization, as we have seen in the case of Sino-Soviet disputes.
In this paper the question of unification or polarization will be discussed as the question of a system or a nation. Why has such a phenomenon of polarization occured in the Eastern system of Marx-Leninism? This question will be pursued in this paper through analysis of the structure of thought, particularly the theory of state which is called Marx-Leninism.
If we trace the genealogy from the viewpoint of the history of thought, we can find that the concept of confrontation between East and West originated in Marx's concept of class confrontation. The reason is that Marx's concept of class confrontation has been shifted in power relationships of international politics through Lenin's state theory and has been significantly modified tactically.