開発のための適正技術

国際開発論

抄録

This article surveys the appropriate technology movement and considers an appropriate co-operation for it between developed and developing countries. Contents are as follows, 1. science & technology for national development, 2. reflection on technology transfer and appropriate technology, 3. analysis of appropriate technology argument, 4. strategies and appropriate co-operation for appropriate technology. This article makes a survey of the movement of the appropriate technology in the first part, and then proceeds to the analysis of policies and problems about it.
A greater attention should be given to the technological dual structure between modern and traditional sectors on the one hand, between urban and rural areas on the other hand, in developing countries. These problems about technological dualism tend to be harder and harder. It is necessary for us to consider some new strategies for solving these problems by using the dynamics for national development in the interrelationship among social system, value system, and technological system.
As a result, for the Government of developing country it is necessary to complete following requirments to obtain the appropriate technology, (1) modernization or rationalization of communication mechanism, linking technological users, R & D organizations, transfer agents, etc., (2) making the appropriate technology criteria matched with national development plans and science & technology plans, (3) providing with policy measures and resources necessary for the aquisition and development of appropriate technology, (4) having effective administrative ability and political attitude for the sake of promoting it.