三新法制定後の専務学区取締設置に関する一考察 : 三重県を中心として

抄録

This paper examines the system of school district superintendents in Mie prefecture under the Three New Laws of 1878. The following year, Mie prefecture replaced the executive superintendent's office with a concurrent system of local superintendents. However, intense criticism within the prefecture demanded a restoration of the executive superintendent office. This begs the question: why was the office reinstated? This paper explores the debate over school district superintendent organization in the Ise Newspaper (Ise Shinbun) as well as arguments raised in the 1879 Mie Prefectural Assembly. These arguments are remarkable because they directly influenced the policies followed by prefectural authorities. In addition, this paper examines the suggestion to retain the system of concurrent school district superintendents made by the teacher's meeting of the former 15 school districts within the prefecture following the aforementioned Mie Prefectural Assembly. This paper comes to following three conclusions. First, the executive superintendent was to be a completely competent education specialist who served as a full-time official. Second, because of financial difficulties, the executive school district superintendent system could not have developed without the concurrent superintendent system. Finally, the establishment of an executive superintendent system in Mie prefecture represented the professionalization of school education system management; this new system provided an environment that promoted the spread of formal public education.