1930年代の公立職業学校における女子教育

―大阪府立佐野高等実践女学校を中心に―

抄録

This article places public vocational schools (Shokugyo-Gakko) for girls within the context of the history of women’s education by analyzing the education of girls at Sano Higher Practical School for Girls (Sano Koto Jissen Jogakko) in Osaka Prefecture.

In the rural areas of Osaka Prefecture during the 1930’s, public vocational schools for girls were established as an alternative to public girls’ high schools (Koto Jogakko). In the 1940’s, most of these vocational schools were converted into girls’ high schools. Sano Higher Practical School for Girls was one of them.

Sano Higher Practical School for Girls taught many of the same subjects as the girls’ high schools, but devoted more hours to sewing. Some graduates of the vocational school married immediately after graduation, others were employed at department stores, train stations, or in other fields, while others continued to train in sewing as preparation for marriage. The students in vocational schools regarded the students of the girls’ high schools with admiration and a sense of competitiveness. Students, their parents, and graduates wished for the vocational school to become a standard girls’ high school.

In the 1930’s, vocational schools were part of the increase in public secondary schools. They were training schools intended to promote the ideal of “Ryosai kenbo”, as were girls’ high schools. While the purpose of vocational and high schools were similar, vocational schools devoted more hours to sewing and held lower social status. Eventually vocational schools were promoted to girls’ high schools.