機械の概念と哲学の諸問題

抄録

The concept of “machine” has been generally taken to stand in opposition to that of “man.” However, when the remarkable progress of machines in recent times is considered, the very notion of “machine” fitted to recent models of the machine is seen to be in desperate need of reform.
At the heart of the new theories on machines are notions, such as that of “feedback”, which can formally and structurally be applied to the actions of reflection, consciousness, and the like in man. Consequently, it has become possible again to work out an explanation, based on machine theory, of various problems relating to man and philosophy.
One of the characterisitics of machines containing “feedback” systems is that of “presentation”, a concept which was used idealistically and dialectically by Hegel and Marx and can serve as an aid in explaining the laws of hitorical and social movements. The problem of “subjectivity, ” which was the target of much criticism in older machine theories, is, thanks to the new theory, no longer a problem.