カウンツの教育思想の変化に関する一考察

一九三二年と一九六二年との比較を中心にして

抄録

First, the author points out, and considers the meaning of, the differences discernible between two of his books Dare The School Bulid, A New Social Order?, The John Day Company, (1932) and Education And The Founda lions Of Human Freedom, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, (1962), under the items : (1) the notion of reality, as conceived in them, (2) the notion of values, (3) traditional elements and innovations, (4) the role of school education, (5) the content and method of education, and lastly (6) the function of teachers. From all these considerations it can be shown that the first of the two books indicates rather radically new and progressive tendencies whereas the latter displays certain conservative attitudes.
Secondly, the author brings to light characteristics common to the two in their form and substance, and further attempts to point out controversial points in Counts' ideas, under the items : (1) the fundamental mode of reasoning, (2) moral values as the source of the differences, (3) the intellectual tradition of the United States, (4) controversial points of his thought, and (5) the significance of the differences.
In conclusion, it might be said that no fundamental discrepancy can be found between the two in the sense that they both essentially based on the traditional values of the American society, namely, the ideal of democracy. Such apparent differences as can be discerned are only due to the different emphasis put in each of them on the two complementary aspects of this same ideal, that is the idea of equality and that of liberty.