トマス・アクィナスにおける「知識の獲得」の構造

抄録

The purpose of this paper is to expound Thomas Aquinas's theory of 'the acquisition of knowledge' (acquisitio scientiae), paying particular attention to his treatise on a teacher, De Magistro.
Thomas gives two things as the prerequisites for the acquisition of knowledg -'the light of active intellect' (lumen intellectus agentis) and 'principles' (principia)- and discusses them in relation to the 'pre-existing knowledge' (scientia prae-existens). But this pre-existence is not to be regarded as suggesting precedencei n time; rather, we should interpret it in logical terms.
On the other hand, Thomas maintains that the acquisition of knowledge is made by two means, that is, 'discovery' (inventio) and 'learning through training' (disciplina). This implies that teachers and students belong to a same order in a sense, while in the other sense they are at different stages. By making this point clear, Thomas definitely gives a teacher his proper place in his relationship to the students as well as to the process of the acquisition of knowledge.