平和への教育

抄録

The strongest determining factor regarding the problem of peace is the power of politics. Peace in a political sense is maintained by the balance of power. The function of education in regard to peace is not as direct a one as the function of political power, rather it must advance to the level of a decisive reform of man as such.
It is well known that Pestalozzi in his “Nachforschungen” describes the three conditions of mankind as the natural, social and moral. The modern relevance of Pestalozzi's educational thought lies in the fact that he did not neglect from a viewpoint of educational anthropology the natural condition of man. In particular he pointed out that the ideal of peace will remain on the level of a castle in the air unless it fulfils the natural needs.
Furthermore we must go a step beyond understanding the educational anthropology of Pestalozzi and by theorizing realistically we must introduce concretely into education the problem of how to utilize for peace the abundant energy of youth as well as the problem of education for international mutual understanding. But in the last analysis, nurturing the desire for peace based on insight through human reason is of decisive importance. This is the insight that peace is of the utmost necessity in our modern times.