1971 年 1971 巻 23 号 p. 31-45
Troeltsch understood the problem of “Personal spiritual formation” in terms of a normative science implying a realistic approach to histopy, i.e., as the “cultural synthesis of the modern age” and the structure of “realistic philosophy of history”. This is presented as a combination of experimental theory and aprioristic thinking, as a synthesis of real cultural values each in its turn, on the basis of an axiological analysis of human life. In other words, it is the synthesis in “present time” of conscience, i.e., the formal norm of personal morality and the material norm of cultural values. Basing his thought on religious values, Troeltsch develops his ideas as a theory of “harmony” between the “two kinds of absolute validity”.