ロック教育思想における自由の概念

抄録

Locke has been chosen as an example of the consequences of the concept of “freedom in education” in the history of thought, for this is considered one of the most fundamental concepts in modern education. Because Locke treats the theory of freedom in various areas, it is first of all necessary to establish the viewpoint for arranging and analysing these areas. The two systems of coordinate axes of essential and functional freedom on the one side, and of individual and social freedom on the other, were determined. Furthermore, on the logical coordinate field resulting from the combination of these coordinate concepts various aspects of freedom, such as pedagogical freedom, epistomological freedom, religious freedom, civil freedom, are analysed and clarified as regards their fundamental nature. This analysis enables us to seek the meaning of freedom of education and visualize the essence of this concept. By way of conclusion it can be said that freedom according to Locke is a functional and individualistic type of freedom, and as a result freedom of education reflects social status presented in a twofold manner ; this freedom may be visualized as a double feedback of individual self-control and of restriction by state power. Furthermore it may be seen that Locke guaranteed the individual character of education by the thorough formation of the intellect through educational content.