カントの啓蒙意識に見る「導く」ことの問題

カントの「成人性 (Mündigkeit) 」をめぐって

抄録

In this paper the problems around 'Mündigkeit' which forms the central idea underlying Kant's question, “what is enlightenment?” are examined. As a result it becomes clear that in his famous statements dealing with the definition of enlightenment, while he had the strong desire to deal consciously with enlightenment, yet on the other hand he felt some anxiety caused by the difficulty involved in such an attempt. It seems that this anxiety was connected with the tension between ' Mündigkeit' on one side and the guarding act on the other side (guarding on one hand was aimed at ' Mündigkeit', on the other hand, however guarding may include the possibility of suppressing 'Mündigkeit').
Furthermore, this uneasiness of Kant is also part of his educational theory which belongs to what is generally admitted to have been the eighteenth century optimistic view on education. The author argues that Kant suggests that the person engaged in education as well as the person talking about education may possibly suppress the 'Mündigkeit' of other persons and that this anxiety became a major factor causing a certain inconsistency in his statements on education.