ペスタロッチー人間学の精神分析的解釈の試み

抄録

In Pestalozzi's Research, the “Nachforschungen” were treated by E.. Spranger and many other scholars, and the meaning of its anthropology was investigated. As a result, common understanding was reached that in the “Nachforschungen” the idea of a moral autonomy or independencne (Selbatändigkeit) appears which cannot be found in earlier writings.
This paper, on the other hand, proposes as a new viewpoint a psycho-analytical interpretation. We re-examine the meaning of Pestalozzi's anthropology by considering first the unavoidable 'distortion' (Verstümmelung) of the human being, i. e. of the nature of man in the social situation. As a result, the maning of Pestalozzi's anthropology was discovered in the method designed as an aid to the human formation of the people. When Pestalozzi was facing the pathological situation of the distortion of the people, the method was proposed because its remedial function was badly needed. Hence, from the text of the “Nachforschungen” it is possible to discover Pestalozzi as a clinical worker, diagnozing pathological symptoms.