稲ウンカ・ヨコバイ類の螢光性物質とその生態識別への利用

抄録

Fluorescent characteristics of rice planthoppers and leafhoppers were studied by means of the paperchromatography concerning with the utility of application for detection of the ecological differences of the insects.
Test insects were collected from early seasonally cultured rice nursery, early seasonally cultured paddy, weeds in levee and chinese milk vetch in early spring, respectively. Light trap catch at 15m level was also made to compare at the same time. The brown planthoppers. Nilaparvata iugens(HORAVATH), reared successfully as long as 2 generations on 2 nutritiously different rice varieties, Binan-Mochi and Norin-18, were tested to make clear the effect of the diet to the chromatogram, as well.
Paperchromatographic method was applied to whole specimens of insects, and one- and twodimensional chromatograms were obtained with n-butanol-acetic acid and phenol solutions as for the solvent. Fluorescent materials were developed on the paper by their fluorescence in ultraviolet light with 3660 A in wave-length. Thus, obtained results were as follows: 1. In the case of the one-dimensional chromatogram, chromatographic patterns were recognized into 12 types for the butanol-developed figures and 2 types for the phenol-developed ones, respectively. Species specificity seems to be shown in the phenol-developed chromatograms, however, ecological differences in the same species were not detectable. The ecological differences and or sexuality should be characterized clearly in the butanol-developed chromatograms.
2. In the case of the two-dimensional chromatogram, the fluorescence of the female hoppers was more obvious than that of the male ones, in general. Any chromatographic figures of the small brown planthoppers, Delphacodes striatella FALLEN, and the brown planthoppers obtained from ecologically different sources made no difference with each others, respectively. The figures of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, in the different sources had their own chromatographic figures. Nutritive difference of rice variety was concerned as for the diet, thus two varieties, Binan-Mochi and Norin-18, were chosen to rear the appropriate two brown planthopper populations(Suenaga, 1963) in the laboratory. Then, it was clarified that chromatographic fluorescence was advantage for the population reared on Binan-Mochi, and such advantage can be detected in the 4th-5th instar stage.
3. Thus, it may be considered that the chromatogram characterized by fluorescent materials can be employed in detection of some ecological differences of the rice planthoppers and leafhoppers, especially in the invasive populations in the spring having no common fluorescent figures among different species, and of the nutritiously different populations of the insects, as well.