1.播種より幼穂形成期までイネをカンレイシヤでおおい,その間の1半旬だけ露出させ,殺虫剤を散布して再びおおうことによりウイルスの感染時期を知ろうとした。
2.1964年のしまはがれ病は早期では初発が5月5半旬終頃にみられた。感染率は5月5半旬が最高で平均気温も22.3℃ときわだって高かった。次いで6月1半旬が高かったがヒメトビウンカの棲息数は5月6半旬が最高であった。普通期では苗代で初発がみられたが,本田で感染率の高かったのは7月3半旬と6半旬で平均気温も3半旬が27.9℃でとくに高かった。
3.いしゆく病は早期では初発が5月3半旬終頃にみられた。感染率は苗代～本田初期と5月6半旬が高く,ツマグロヨコバイの棲息数とほぼ平行していた。普通期では苗代で初発がみられ苗代～本田初期の感染が多く,7月3半旬と5～6半旬も感染率が高かったが,これも棲息数や気温と平行しているようであった。
4.おうい病は早期・普通期とも7月1半旬終に初発がみられ,早期では苗代～本田初期と6月2半旬の感染率が高いようであったが,普通期では把握できなかった。
5.以上よりみれば媒介虫数とともに高温が感染率をたかめたようであった。

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1. Rice plants were grown on field plots, in which 0.5-3.0kg of nitrogen per are was applied except in check plots, in 1962 and 1963. The plants were infected under natural conditions with dwarf disease. The more were the amounts of nitrogen, the severer the disease occurrence.
2. Rice plant were grown on 1/5000 α Wagner's pots in which 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 gm of nitrogen per pot was spplicd. The plants were infested at 14-or 16-leaf stage with viruliferous green rice leafhoppers (Nephotittix cincticeps Uhler) that had reared on dwarf-affected rice plants. High nitrogen plants proved to be more susceptible to the disease than low nitrogen plants, at the late leaf age. When the plants were at 14-leaf stage, symptoms developed on plants to which 0.5 and 1.0 gm of nitrogen was applied. Degree of symptom development was much severer on the latter. No symptom developed on plants to which 0. 2 gm of nitrogen was applied. When the plants were at 16-leaf stage, symtoms developed only on plants to which 1.0 gm of nitrogen was applied.
3. Leaves were detached from rice seedlings grown in diffent amounts of nitrogen, and then were covered by single cage. Rice green leafhoppers were allowed to feed on caged leaves for 24 hours. Leafhoppers were attracted toward the leaves of high nitrogen level. At certain plant-age, the number of infesting viruliferous leafhoppers per plant influences the percentage of infection.

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1. E. carotovoraの自己呼吸を推定したところ,25℃,30℃の温度差については各時間経過後僅少ながら差異を認めた。
2. 基質,pectine, glucose, galactoseについてSM剤,銅剤,混用 (SM剤+銅剤) について呼吸作用をみたがpectineでは三者間に大差なく,glucose galactoseの糖類基質では各薬剤問に差異を認めた。
3. 糖類を基質として供試した場合の各種薬剤間の差異をみたところ,銅剤,SM剤とは大差なく両者の混用が最も呼吸阻害量が多かった。殺菌作用の面からは銅剤とSM剤は相当差異が認められたが,呼吸阻害の面からは両者には大差は認められなかった。これは銅剤の残効についての1つの証拠になりうると推察する。

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薬剤の散布時期を把握しようとして行なった3ヵ年の試験の結果をとりまとめて考察した結果,本病の発生は,麦の感受性にもよることながら天候に大きく左右されることが認められ,ことに気温,雨,湿度日照量が関与することが明らかとなった。そこで散布時期は,麦の生育期と天気予報によって決めるとよいが,予報が適中しないことの多い現状では,実際に天候を観測して多発生のおそれのある場合直ちに散布するしかない。散布回数は別に行なった試験の結果麦作の経済性からみてせいぜい2回ぐらいと考えられる。
そこで具体的には,出穂期の天候をみて3日以上雨が続く場合は散布し,その後は出穂期から10日および20日間の天候を観測して,平均気温降雨日数湿度,日照時間がそれぞれ15℃以上,5日以上,80%以上,40h以下および15℃以上,10日以上,80%以上,80h以下の場台直ちに散布する。

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This paper gives a knowledge on the relationship between the humus contents of soil and the occurence of white root rot (caused by Rosellinia necatrix Prill) in 26 loquat orchards at Mogi, Nagasaki Prefecture.
In this study, the authers found a positive correlation between the amount of humus in orchard soil and the percentage of infested trees by white root rot (see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).
It seems that the contents of humic acid in soil humus have a positive correlation with the percentage of infested trees in the orchard (see Fig.4).

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薩南諸島におけるサトウキビに発生する病害を調査した。その結果,赤腐病・眼点病・褐条病・葉焼病・虎斑斑・黒腐病・輪斑病・さや枯病・白絹病・白星病・すす病・しよう頭腐敗病・Target blotch・葉片赤斑病・葉しよう赤斑病・臼条病,モザイク病・わい化病の発生を確認した。

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圃場および幼苗接種試験で品種の耐病性検定を北海道農試法の発病指数とてん菜研究所支所法の発病度との両調査基準を用いて行なった。
1) 供試品種は耐病性強,中,弱の3つに大別され,この類別は2つの調査基準のいずれを用いても同様な結果が得られた。
2) 発病指数と発病度との間は非常に高い相関があった。
3) この2つの調査基準はいずれも品種の耐病性検定のための調査基準として,適当であると考えられる。

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茶炭疽病に対する各種薬剤の分生胞子形成阻止作用は,有機水銀剤が最もすぐれ,銅剤などその他の薬剤の阻止効果は認められなかった。有機水銀剤の分生胞子形成阻止作用は,50～60日位持続するようで、また胞子形成量は無処理の5%以下に抑制された。有機水銀剤の茶芽発芽前散布は従来の茶芽発芽伸長期の銅剤などによる保護的防除法より顕著にすぐれた。
茶樹に対して散布された有機水銀剤の製茶中の残留は、各薬剤とも摘採の10～15日前散布まで残留があり,銅水銀剤では摘採の5日前散布までで,それ以前の散布では残留はなかった。有機水銀剤の種類では,PMTSの残留は最も長くかつ多かった。PMAおよびPMFでは摘採10日前散布で0.3～0.5ppmが製茶中に残留し,層有機水銀剤の種類により残留量が異なる。これは有機水銀剤の物理化学的性質によるものと思われる。

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Observation of the first instar larvae of the arrow-head scale was made every 5 days at 13 stations in Nagasaki Prefecture from May to September in 1964.
In 1964, the appearance of the larvae of the scale was earliest in these years of 1962-1964. This early appearance might be resulted in the high temperature in March and April in 1964.
Dates of the first appearance and the peak of appearance of larvae of the first generation in each station were shown in Table 1. The earlier appearance was observed at the stations situated in southern part of Shimabara Peninsula. The later appearance was seen at the stations in northern part and islands in this prefecture. At the stations of Omura, Nagayo, Shimabara, Mogi and Ishida (Iki Island), the number of the second generation was as many as that of the first generation. From these results, following 4 areas was recognized tentatively concerning forecasting of the scale occurrence: (1) the southern part of Shimabara Peninsula and Nomo Peninsula (17℃ or more in annual mean temperature), (2) the northern part of Shimabara Peninsula and the coast of Omura Bay (16°～17℃ in annual mean temperature), (3) Isahaya City and the mountaincous region of Matsuura province (15.5°～16℃ in annual mean temperature), (4) the islands situated in the northern prefecture, respectively.

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1.ミカン主要病害虫の寄生密度に応じた薬剤の組み合せ散布試験を2年間実施し,防除効果と防除経費との関係を検討して次の結果をえた。
2.黒点病の防除は,伝染源の多少にもよるが,銅水銀水和剤を使用する場合,新葉に対しては発芽前の防除,また果実に対しては少なくとも開花,落花期には散布する必要がある。
3.ヤノネカイガラムシの寄生している園では,寄生密度にもよるが最低1.2世代にそれぞれ1回は薬剤散布をしなければ密度低減の効果が期待できない。
4.黒点病の発病が多い園では,3,000～5,000円の経費である程度まで発病を防ぐことはできる。
5.ヤノネカイガラムシ寄生園では年間1,000円程度の防除経費では防除効果を上げることができない。

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Present work was carried out to clarify the effect of insecticides for citrus leaf miner control on the numerical population of the citrus red mite, preparing 30 young citrus trees planted in one orchard. Of 30 citrus trees, 10 were sprayed with nicotine sulfate (×600), 10 were sprayed with the mixture of nicotine sulfate (×800) and endrin (×1, 000), and 10 were set for the check, respectively. Insecticides were sprayed from spring to autumn once a week. And the number of the citrus red mite of these three sets of citrus trees were examined about 15 days interval from the autumn in 1963 to the summer in 1964.
In the case of the set sprayed with nicotine sulfate, the population level of the red mite did not so increase throughout the experiment. In the case of check, the red mite increased in August and September and then decreased. However, the population of mite in the set sprayed with mixture of nicotine sulfate and endrin increased remarkably even in the winter season from November to January in next year.

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福岡市老司町のナタネ畑でナタネ植え付け後のモモアカアブラムシの侵入と定着について調査を行ない,次の結果を得た。
1)モモアカアブラムシはナタネ植え付け後侵入するが,成虫はすべて有翅胎生雌であった。
2)有翅胎生雌の1株当り個体数の分布はポアッソン分布に良く適合し,アブラムシの定着がランダムに行な

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福岡県筑後市,九州農業試験場圃場の予察灯て調査したセジロウンカ,トビイロウンカ,ヒメトビウンカ,ツマグロヨコバイの年間総誘殺数と気象要因との相関性を検討した。気象要因132項目の中,7斗項目に関して有意な相関が見られた。また,相関項目数は,セジロウンカでは少なく,ヒメトビウンカでは多かった。そしてこの申から,有意なしかも,相関性の高い,予想式に組み入れてさしつかえないと思われる気象要因各種について指摘した。

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Fluorescent characteristics of rice planthoppers and leafhoppers were studied by means of the paperchromatography concerning with the utility of application for detection of the ecological differences of the insects.
Test insects were collected from early seasonally cultured rice nursery, early seasonally cultured paddy, weeds in levee and chinese milk vetch in early spring, respectively. Light trap catch at 15m level was also made to compare at the same time. The brown planthoppers. Nilaparvata iugens(HORAVATH), reared successfully as long as 2 generations on 2 nutritiously different rice varieties, Binan-Mochi and Norin-18, were tested to make clear the effect of the diet to the chromatogram, as well.
Paperchromatographic method was applied to whole specimens of insects, and one- and twodimensional chromatograms were obtained with n-butanol-acetic acid and phenol solutions as for the solvent. Fluorescent materials were developed on the paper by their fluorescence in ultraviolet light with 3660 A in wave-length. Thus, obtained results were as follows: 1. In the case of the one-dimensional chromatogram, chromatographic patterns were recognized into 12 types for the butanol-developed figures and 2 types for the phenol-developed ones, respectively. Species specificity seems to be shown in the phenol-developed chromatograms, however, ecological differences in the same species were not detectable. The ecological differences and or sexuality should be characterized clearly in the butanol-developed chromatograms.
2. In the case of the two-dimensional chromatogram, the fluorescence of the female hoppers was more obvious than that of the male ones, in general. Any chromatographic figures of the small brown planthoppers, Delphacodes striatella FALLEN, and the brown planthoppers obtained from ecologically different sources made no difference with each others, respectively. The figures of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, in the different sources had their own chromatographic figures. Nutritive difference of rice variety was concerned as for the diet, thus two varieties, Binan-Mochi and Norin-18, were chosen to rear the appropriate two brown planthopper populations(Suenaga, 1963) in the laboratory. Then, it was clarified that chromatographic fluorescence was advantage for the population reared on Binan-Mochi, and such advantage can be detected in the 4th-5th instar stage.
3. Thus, it may be considered that the chromatogram characterized by fluorescent materials can be employed in detection of some ecological differences of the rice planthoppers and leafhoppers, especially in the invasive populations in the spring having no common fluorescent figures among different species, and of the nutritiously different populations of the insects, as well.

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1. The experimennt was carried out every 10 days to clarify the distribution and population density of the green rice leafhopper in the four paddy fields trnsplanted on respective dates,
2. In the fields transplanted on May 8 and May 26, nymphs immigrated into the fields from the surrounding grass in levee, thus density of adult population of the first generation concentrated extremly to the marginal parts of the fields.
3. In the case of new generation after immigration, both nymph and adult distridutions were heterogeneous having one or several dense patch. And then numerical population of the insect increased gradually covering all parts of the fields.
4. The adults of the second generation in the fields transplanted on May 8, appeared as much as 20-30 days earlier than that in light trap catch.

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The susceptibilities to insecticides of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, collected in the different parts of Kyushu, south-western Japan, were determined by means of microtopical application method and compared with each other.
The local differences of susceptibilities of the insects to metyl parathion and to malathion were recognized as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
From these figures, it seems to be fact that even the insect which had relatively low susceptibility to malathin in Kyushu was more susceptible than the insect which had been recognized as a registant one to malathion in Kochi or Tochigi prefectur.
As shown in Figure 5, it is considered that there might be some correlation between the susceptibility of the insect to malathion and that to Sevin.

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(1)併殺効果のある薬剤もニカメイチュウを基幹とした防除では7月下旬のツマグロヨコバイを充分には抑圧できない。
(2)本試験では特にダイアジノン粒剤の効果が高かった。ウィルス病の後期感染対策上からも7月下旬のツマグロヨコバイ防除は留意しなければならない。
(3)乳剤より粒剤が抑圧効果が高かった。
(4)しかし,どのような剤形で,どのような種類の薬剤を使用しても,ツマゲロヨコバイが現在のような消長をくりかえすならば,7月下旬にツマグロヨコバイと合わせて夏ウンカの対策を防除暦に組み入れるべきであろう。

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南西諸島のサトウキビに寄生するPerkinsiella属にはクロフツノウンカP.sacchuricida KIRK.とウシウンカP.sinensis KIRK.の2種があり,前種は,大島本島以南の島に分布し,後種は種子島,屋久島に普通てあるが,大島以南の島では発生が少ない。両種は形態的に非常に良く似ているが,雄ては生殖器と尾端,雌では2nd-valvulaの形態を観察すれば明らかに識別できる。ウイスロウンカNuntata muiri KIRK.も重要なサトウキビの害虫で.南西諸島に広く分布する。
これらの外に名瀬市予察灯からPerkinsiella sp.を,また沖繩の蔗園をスイーピングしてStenocranus nigrifrons MUIRを検出したが,サトウキビへの寄生加害についてはなお調査を必要とする。

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Plant-parasitic nematodes in soil were surveyed covering 97 sugar-cane fields and other 36 cropones in the Satsunan Islands, including Tanegashima, Yakushima, Kikaigashima, Tokunoshima, Okino'erabujima and Yoronto, where annual mean temperature was 20°C or so.
The genera found and their distribution were shown in table 1, and the species discussed were listed in the text with short morphological notes, if necessary.
Of the 17 genera investigated, the following S genera of Helicotylenchus, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, Meloidogyne and Rotylenchulus appeared frequently. Some main species of these genera were tabulated in table 4 with their distribution in this region. The genus Tylenchorhynchus is striking for its wide distribution and Tylenchorhynchus sp. 2 is considered as a species in warmer regions.

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Prutylenchus coffeaeおよびAphelertchus sp.をそれぞれFusarium菌と混合接種した場合,両線虫間のFusarium菌との混合被害の差異までは判然としなかったが,線虫を接種した後Fusariumm菌を接種すると病斑長が長くなるようである。

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