建物の資源消費と廃棄物発生に関する評価

抄録

Objective. Preventing global warming has become a major social issue. So, in life cycle assessment (LCA) of buildings, LCCO₂ focusing on CO₂ is often used as an assessment index. Additionally, the establishment of sustainable society for resources is another major issue in Japan. The building construction industry has seen problems in the consumption of large amounts of resources during building construction and the generation of massive waste at the time of demolition. To curtail them, it is being called for to use recycled resources upstream of the processes and reduce, reuse, and recycle waste material downstream. So, LCA, which is able to estimate resource sustainability, became necessary in building sector.

Results and Discussion. Firstly a general review of LCA studies in building sector for these issues will be reported. Then LCA study by the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) will be reported in detail.

LCA study for buildings by AIJ has been continued since 1990 and a useful assessment tool, which is called “the AIJ-LCA tool”, has been developed. This tool has been widely used in building sector and made some influence. But this tool is mainly used to assess LCCO₂.

On the other hand, this tool was revised to estimate resource consumption and waste generation in 2006. This report will give an outline of resource sustainability assessment function of this tool and show a case study.

Conclusions. New indices, which are life cycle resource (LCR) and life cycle waste (LCW), were introduced to estimate resource consumption and waste generation. By a case study, these indices were shown as useful to estimate resource sustainability.