Male germ-line chromosomes were examined in fourteen species of the Hesperiidae. Chromosome number was observed from n, 9 to n, 31 according to species. In Lepidoptera, modal number is n, 31, and the chromosome number seems to have evolved towards decrease mainly through fusion. Based on the chromosome number, this family is divided into six groups, viz. n, 31, 30; n, 29, 28; n, 24; n, 16, 15; n, 10, 9; n, 50, among which the n, 10, 9 group is newly found in this study. This grouping is nearly coincident with the modern higher classification of this family.