Synthesis of Bismuth Sodium Titanate Fine Particles with Different Shapes by the Gel-Sol Method

Abstract

Polycrystalline spherical Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ (BNT) particles with narrow size distributions were obtained by the gel-sol method, where the precursory gel was composed of BiX₃ (X=OH, NO₃), NaOH, and stable Ti⁴⁺ complex which was prepared by mixing Ti(i-C₃H₇O)₄ with triethanolamine to inhibit the uncontrolled hydrolysis in aqueous solution. The resulting morphology was readily controlled as single-crystalline rod-like and tubular shapes with the simple tuning of the Bi/Ti molar ratios in the presence of NaClO₄.