多成分系高分子膜の構造と有機液体混合液の透過分離特性に関する研究

抄録

This paper describes the relationship between structures of multicomponent polymer membranes and their permselectivity for organic liquid mixtures in pervaporation. The morphology of microphase separation in the multicomponent polymer membranes containing poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was quite different between block copolymer membranes and graft copolymer ones. The annealing of the block copolymer membranes resulted in dramatic changes in the morphology of their microphase separation, but that of the graft copolymer membranes did not. Their morphology strongly influenced the membrane permselectivity for organic liquid mixtures in pervaporation. This paper also focuses on simple surface modifications of membranes by polymer additives. Surface characteristics of polymer membranes were controlled by adding hydrophilic and hydrophobic copolymer additives. The permselectivity of the surface-modified membranes was improved without lowering their permeability by the simple surface modification. The addition of calixarene to microphase-separated membranes improved the permselectivity for volatile organic compounds in dilute aqueous solutions. Our results suggest a novel concept for designing the structure of multicomponent polymer membranes, that is, a method for controlling the permselectivity of pervaporation membranes.