Abstract
The objective of this study is to improve the teaching methods on subtraction
with borrowing. Japanese teachers instruct contents of mathematics according to
an instruction method written in the textbook. However, there are problems in this
situation. For examples, it is a big problem that pupils come to use their fingers for
calculation. And we confirmed that continuous thinking by pupils was interrupted
by the use of blocks. So we have changed how to teach contents of addition with
carrying and subtraction with borrowing. We taught pupils with a new strategy,
which is how to draw and use the diagram to solve problems without blocks. From
the results of educational experiment, we confirmed they could take better ability in
addition and subtraction. And we also found that this new strategy has good effect
on problem solving with ICT. Because of using ICT, pupils can have opportunity to
explain, discuss and consider the problem by using diagrams as the same foundation
in mathematics class.
