On the improvement of teaching methods on subtraction with borrowing

An advance research and using diagram

Abstract

The objective of this study is to improve the teaching methods on subtraction with borrowing. Japanese teachers instruct contents of mathematics according to an instruction method written in the textbook. However, there are problems in this situation. For examples, it is a big problem that pupils come to use their fingers for calculation. And we confirmed that continuous thinking by pupils was interrupted by the use of blocks. So we have changed how to teach contents of addition with carrying and subtraction with borrowing. We taught pupils with a new strategy, which is how to draw and use the diagram to solve problems without blocks. From the results of educational experiment, we confirmed they could take better ability in addition and subtraction. And we also found that this new strategy has good effect on problem solving with ICT. Because of using ICT, pupils can have opportunity to explain, discuss and consider the problem by using diagrams as the same foundation in mathematics class.