On the Structure of Cold Vortex

抄録

Here was derived th e oretically the three-dimensional structure of the cold vortex satisfying the following conditions:
(A) the effect of friction can be considered to be secondary,
(B) the state is axis-symmetrical,
(C) the state is stationary,
(D) the air is aut o barotropic. The integrals derived under the above conditions were three, which express respectively the law of conservation of angular momentum, vorticity and energy.
From the last law ca n be determined the shape of the surfaces of discontinuity which can exist in a cold vortex. One of them is a surface of cold front type which stretches upward in a funnel shape sustaining a cold core in the troposphere, and the other the tropopause funnel which hangs down also in a funnel shape surrounding the upper warm core.
In the cold vortex there exist, thus, a co l d core in the lower layer containing the central axis, and a warm core which is generated by the descended stratospheric air in the upper layer. Surrounding the cores, which are rotating slowly and anticyclonically around the axis, there exists outside the funnel-shaped surfaces a tropospheric air rotating cyclonically with a large speed and containing in itself a meridional convective circulation.
As, however, the effect of friction is especially large at the surface of discontinuity, so that the outer cyclonic horizontal circulation reaches mostly to the central axis, and thus a highlevel cyclone is formed, which is represented approximately by RANKINE'S combined vortex.
The three-dimensional structure of the cold vortex thus derived will be known to be remarkably similar to that of the typhoon and that of the circumpolar vortex which we described before. It would he natural that they resemble each other, because they are all phenomena which can be explained from the same fundamental principles.