Productivity of isovelleral in fruiting bodies of russuloid fungi and antifungal activity of isovelleral against mycoparasites

Abstract

Isovelleral, a volatile compound produced by some species of Russula and Lactarius, has various biological activities. However, the productivity of isovelleral in other species belonging to both genera has not been clarified. In this study, the contents of isovelleral in fruiting bodies of various russuloid fungi were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS. We confirmed that 32 species of Russula and 2 species of Lactarius contain isovelleral, and that among Russula, high productivity was phylogenetically restricted to Sect. Ingratae and Sect. Lactarioides. Isovelleral significantly inhibited the spore germination of Trichoderma spp. and Gliocladium spp. Therefore, isovelleral is thought to act as a defense factor against the invasion of mycoparasites into the fruiting body.