「政治」 による 「宗教」 利用・排除

―近代日本における宗教団体の法人化をめぐって―

抄録

The characteristic tendencies of religious administration by modern Japanese government were to use useful religion and to exclude dangerous one. These tendencies were typically appeared in the process of offering corporate body for religious groups by legislation. First bill of it was presented for imperial assembly in 1899, 2^nd one was presented in 1927, 3^rd one was presented in 1929, and last one was presented in 1939. First, 2^nd, and 3^rd bills were rejected, but last one was approved. Minister of Education who had jurisdiction over religion said in 1939, to supervise religious groups is important issue for guidance and enlightenment of people. I would like to clarify the actual conditions and background of these tendencies of religious administration paying attention to the relationship between the bills and freedom of religious faith clause of Meiji Constitution. As a conclusion, I clarified the actual conditions and background of these tendencies of religious administration and Japanese movement have watched new religions like socialism and mobilized traditional religions for war.