抄録
The first transcranial surgery of the pituitary tumor was performed by Horsley V in 1889. In 1907 Scholoffer H succeeded in the transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for a pituitary tumor of an acromegalic patient via the superior nasal approach. The prototype of TSS has been established by Cushing H (sublabial & submucosal approach) and Hirsh O(endonasal & submucosal approach) in 1910.Then, in 1960’s Hardy J had developed TSS using X-ray fluoroscopy and surgical microscope. Since then, with the rapid progress of endocrinology and imaging diagnoses such as CT scan and MRI, TSS has grown and flourished for several decades. In 1990s the endoscope has been introduced to TSS and has rapidly spread in terms of its wider and clearer operative view. Now the endoscopic TSS has been used not only for the pituitary surgery, but also the midline skull base surgery.
