東京大都市圏における工業労働力の移動類型
1980 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 27-44
詳細
1980 年 27 巻 4 号 p. 27-44
The author studies the regional balance of the industrial labor force in a major labor market and its circumference, analysing the relation of the distribution, commuting flow, and migration of the industrial labor force in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. The investigation is focused upon the period of between 1960s and early 1970s—the age of Japan's rapid growth of her economy.
The main results are summarized as follows;
1) Through the industrial labor force flow caused by commuting, a core region and its surrounding regions in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area are directly interrelated. At the same time, each zone having its particular features is almost concentrically arranged with the major labor market being a core. The zones are defined as “Tokyo ku-area and its adjacent”, “Main labor supplying zone”, “Semi-independent zone”, and “Independent zone” respectively from the center.
2) Among them so called “Semi-independent zone”, 40-60km away from the central city Tokyo, corresponds to the fringe of the industrial labor force agglomeration. It is also positioned as the outermost border where the out-commuter can find employment in the manufacturing industry located in the core zone. The Semi-independent zone functions as a transitional one from the inner “Main labor supplying zone” to the outer “Independent zone”.
Thus, the manufacturing plants, large or small, located in “Main labor force supplying zone”, collect labor force from broader areas beyond the commuting zone than those in the “Semi-independent zone” do. It results in regional differences among them in the percentage of the labor force supply within the commuting zone.
3) The above patterns of the industrial labor force flow are formed through in-commuting from outer zones and out-commuting into areas with better employment opportunities. It seems reasonal both for employers and for employees who, as a means of daily journey to work, would like to seize as good employment opportunities as they can.
4) By migration the labor force flows not only one-sidedly into the Kei-Hin core zone, but also does considerably from its outer areas. Although the movement distance and others differ, there also exists an analogous pattern in migration to commuting that labor force is supplied from outer areas and is flowed into areas with better working conditions.
