"Waka" came into existence in the middle of 7th century when the aristocratic society was established. It was extended among officers with whom the aristocracy associated. Then it spread, to town people and a lot of anonymous songs were collected in Manyoushu. These songs were composed by officers and town people who were not engaged in production directly. We could know the time when these arose by their appreciation of natural beauty or lyricism of fauna and flora in a garden. It was the time of the transfer of Heijo when beauty of nature became their favorite subject and it was Tempyo era when fauna and flora in a garden were appreciated. Therefore we could say anonymous songs were composed at the latter time of Manyoushu.
