消化管粘膜の酵素学的研究

抄録

The author studied enzyme activity of the gastrointestinal mucosa. The materials consisted of surgically obtained specimens and peroral or peranal biopsy specimens.
The human specimens examined included normal and pathological conditions, (gastritis with or without intestinal metaplasia, gastric ulcer, gastric carcinoma, gastric polyp, duodenal ulcer, exudative gastroenteropathy, primary and secondary malabsorption syndrome, postgastrectomy syndrome, rectal carcinoma, rectal polyp, ulcerative colitis, etc.)
The study was made also in animals: intestinal metaplasia of the stomach in rats (induced by 20-methylcholanthrene), gastric ulcer (by lanthanum-gel) and acute gastritis (by aspirin) in dogs.
The following enzymes were studied histochemically: alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, 5' nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphatase, cytochrome oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and leucine aminopeptidase. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, 5' nucleotidase, lactate dehydrogenase and leucine aminopeptidase was measured also biochemically.
The results were as follows:
1) The normal mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract had its organ-specific enzyme pattern.
2) In atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia, enzyme pattern did not change. In the area of intestinal metaplasia, however, enzyme distribution changed from gastric to intestinal pattern. This change was found also in the experimentally induced intestinal metaplasia in rats.
3) The floor and edge of peptic ulcer showed high activity of alkaline phosphatase and other phosphatases, but this phenomenon was not observed in experimental acute ulcer of dog stomach.
4) Enzyme activity in carcinoma cases showed no unanimous pattern. The enzyme pattern varied from case to case.
5) In exudative gastroenteropathy and malabsorption syndrome, the activity of several enzymes, especially alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase, decreased in the jejunum.
6) In some post-gastrectomy cases, the activity of some enzymes decreased in the jejunum.
7) In ulcerative colitis, the enzyme activity varied according to the stage of the disease.