Study on the Flow Equations of Sugar, Salt and SugarSalt-Skim Milk Solutions

Abstract

The flow equation of sugar, salt and sugar-salt-skim milk solutions was expressed as follows;
γ=(1/K)g_cτ, K=A exp(B/(t+273.2))
where, γ(sec^-1); shear rate, τ(g_f/cmcm²); shear stress, g_c (g·cm/gf·secsec²); gravitational conversion factor, K(g/cm·sec); viscosity, and t(°C); temperature. The values of A and B were expressed as a function of concentration S(wt%).
For sugar solution (S=0-30wt%, t=10-50°C);
A=10^{(-1.17×10-2S0.98-4.98)}, B=10.7S^1.14+2.02×10⁸
For Salt solution (S=0-24wt%, t=10-50°C);
A=10^{(3.05×10-3S1.89-4.88)}, B=1.95×10³
The value of K for sugar-salt-skim milk solution (S=0-15wt%, t=10-50°C) was expressed as follws;
K=(k_Sx_S+k_Nx_N+k_Mx_M)(1-4.2×10^-3x_Sx_N-3.4×10^-3x_Sx_M-8.4×10^-3x_Nx_M+1.67×10^-2x_Sx_Nx_M)+3.8×10^-3x_Sx_N+2.7×10^-3x_Sx_M+7.1×10^-3x_Nx_M-1.26×10^-2x_Sx_Nx_M
where, k_S, k_N, k_M (g/cm·sec); K's values of sugar, salt and skim milk solutions for concentration of S, andx_S, x_N, x_M (-); mass fractions of sugar, salt and skim milk.