Evolution and future prospects for CMOS image sensors

Abstract

The evolution of CMOS image sensors (CIS) and the future prospects for a “sensing” world utilizing advanced imaging technologies promise to improve our quality of life by sensing anything, anywhere, anytime. Charge Coupled Device image sensors replaced video camera tubes, allowing the introduction of compact video cameras as consumer products. CIS now dominates the market for digital still cameras created by its predecessor and, with the advent of column-parallel ADCs and back-illuminated technologies, outperforms them. Stacked CIS's continue to enhance functionality and user experience in mobile devices. CIS imaging technologies promise to accelerate the progress of the sensing world by continuously improving sensitivity, extending detectable wavelengths, and further improving depth resolution and temporal resolution.