本邦の高山土壌の分類と生成

抄録

Alpine soils in Japan North Alps were classified into four soils by the morphology and chemical and physical properties, i.e. alpine grassland soils, alpine podzols, alpine wet meadow soils and skeletal soils. In this study, the author investigated the morphology, chemical and physical properties and soil-environment relationships, and tried to classify alpine soils in Japan North Alps. In addition to above mentioned items, genesis of alpine wet meadw soils was chiefly presumed by the age depending on the ^<14>C-dating. Results are as follows: 1) Each of the four alpine soils may belong to members of great soil groups. 2) Morphology, chemical and physical properties and relations between soils and environments in each soils are presented in the following table: [table] 3) As the muck-like horizon, lower parts of alpine wet meadow soils, was the "relict" which has existed about 6,000 years ago, i.e. RII or Atlantic period in Postglacial epoch, the bleached horizon under these soils was considered to be "relict". Though the genesis of these soils was closely concerned the peat formation at the present time, this peat was decayed very well (The rate of the annual growth of the peat: less than about 0.1 mm/year). The glasses of the volcanic glass layer imbedded in the muck-like horizon of alpine wet meadow soils and the buried soil of another alpine soils, were deposited 6,400y. B.P. and considered to have been derived from Mt. Hakusan.