口臭と歯周病患者における口腔内所見との関係

抄録

There is known the use of osmoscope and the studies have been published on the relationship between the halitosis and oral conditions by various analytical instruments. However, the most adequate method to assess the degree of a bad smell or halitosis finally perceived by us is a sensory evaluation, because the oral fetor is generally regarded as a mixture of odorous substances.
In the belief that an assessment of the oral fetor would be made easier if the relationship between the periodontal patients and halitosis should be elucidated, the author conducted the present study to establish the correlation between the degree of halitosis and various oral conditions of periodontal patients. By way of study material, a random selection was made of a total sample of 152 consisting of 69 males and 83 females (13 to 72 years of age) from the patients consulted in the Department of Periodontology, Nihon University Dental Hospital. These subjects complained of no other diseases than periodontal ones and they were all judged to possess some kind of halitosis. The study subjects were classified into the 4 groups: i) S. G., ii) p₁, iii) p₂ and iv) P₃.
The intraoral examination included such items as the amount of dental plaque, dental calculi, redness of the gingiva, gingival bleeding, pus discharge, depth of sulcuses, tongue coating, mouth breathing, and presence or absence of subjective halitosis. By the use of psychro-olf actometer MD 7 model, both the oral and nasal exhalations were collected with odor collecting bags (3 liters in content).
Those subjects with whom the pressence of halitosis was confirmed were grouped as “N”, and those with whom the absence of halitosis was confirmed were grouped as “O”. They were subsequently subjected to the measurement of odor concentration and various correlations were examined between the concentration and oral findings.
As a result of the present study, the author arrived at the following conclusions:
1) In terms of different age and sex groups, there was observed no statistical difference between the odor concentrations of N and O groups.
2) As regards S. G., <P₁, <P₂ and P₃ groups in N, there was an increasing tendency in order of S. G. <P₁<P₂<P₃. There was not observed, however, any statistical difference among them.
As for O, on the other hand, there were observed statistical differences between S. G. group P₁ group, and S. G. group P₃ group, but not between other groups.
3) Relative to the various clinical examination items, a statistical difference (p<0.01) was found for the gingival inflammation and pus discharge in N group. A statistical difference was also detected for the gingival bleeding and depth of sulcuses (p<0.05).
In O group, on the other hand, statistical differences were for OHI, gingival inflammation, bleeding, pus discharge and depth of sulcuses (p.<0.01). As for the tongue coating, there was no statistical difference between N and O groups.
4) In N group 59% of the subjects under study complained of the subjective halitosis, whereas in O group 50% of the subjects were aware of the subjective halitosis.
5) Those who were in the habit of mouth breathing were 37% in N group and 42% in O group respectively.