2013 Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 267-277
This research investigated the relationship between meta-cognitive beliefs about focused-distraction and depression. In Study 1, we developed a scale measuring the endorsement of meta-cognitive beliefs about focused-distraction. This measure, the Meta-cognitive Beliefs about Focused-distraction Questionnaire (MBFQ), has four subscales: Impairment of Problem Solving, Ironic Effect, Calm Judgment, and Memory Suppression. In Study 2, the MBFQ showed sufficient criterion-related validity, discriminant validity, and test-retest reliability. Structural equation modeling using a cross-lagged effects model revealed that the score for Ironic Effect significantly predicted the degree of depression. This result suggests that the modification of negative beliefs, especially Ironic Effect, would be effective in protecting against the exacerbation of depression. The process of exacerbation of depression is discussed.